夏日南亭怀辛大
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唐代]：孟浩然
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散发乘夕凉，开轩卧闲敞。
欲取鸣琴弹，恨无知音赏。
感此怀故人，中宵劳梦想。(中宵一作：终)
夏日南亭怀辛大译文及注释
译文
傍山的日影忽然西落了，池塘上的月亮从东面慢慢升起。
披散着头发在夜晚乘凉，打开窗户躺卧在幽静宽敞的地方。
一阵阵的晚风送来荷花的香气，露水从竹叶上滴下发出清脆的响声。
正想拿琴来弹奏，可惜没有知音来欣赏。
感慨良宵，怀念起老朋友来，整夜在梦中也苦苦地想念。
韵译
夕阳忽然间落下了西山，东边池角明月渐渐东上。
披散头发今夕恰好乘凉，开窗闲卧多么清静舒畅。
清风徐徐送来荷花幽香，竹叶轻轻滴下露珠清响。
心想取来鸣琴轻弹一曲，只恨眼前没有知音欣赏。
感此良宵不免怀念故友，只能在夜半里梦想一场。
注释
山光：傍山的日影。
池月：池边的月色。
东上：从东面升起
开轩：开窗。
卧闲敞：躺在幽静宽敞的地方。
恨：遗憾。
感此：有感于此。
中宵：整夜。
劳：苦于。
梦想：想念。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等 ．全唐诗（上） ．上海 ：上海古籍出版社 ，1986年10月版 ：第370页 ．
2、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010年12月版 ：第46页 ．
3、邓安生 孙佩君 ．孟浩然诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1990年6月版 ：第53-54页 ．
4、蘅塘退士 等 ．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首 ．北京 ：华文出版社 ，2009年11月版 ：第11页 ．
夏日南亭怀辛大创作背景
南亭，似应在涧南园，位于孟浩然家乡襄阳郊外的岘山附近。辛大疑即辛谔，为作者同乡友人，常于夏日来南亭纳凉，与孟浩然约为琴酒之会。
参考资料：
1、张国举 等．唐诗精华注译评．长春：长春出版社，2010：61-62
夏日南亭怀辛大鉴赏
此诗载于《全唐诗》卷一百五十九。下面是四川诗词学会理事、四川大学文学与新闻学院教授周啸天对此诗的赏析。
孟浩然诗的特色是“遇景入咏，不拘奇抉异”（皮日休），虽只就闲情逸致作清描淡写，往往能引人渐入佳境。《夏日南亭怀辛大》就是有代表性的名篇。
诗的内容可分两部分，既写夏夜水亭纳凉的清爽闲适，同时又表达对友人的怀念。“山光忽西落，池月渐东上”，开篇就是遇景入咏，细味却不止是简单写景，同时写出诗人的主观感受。“忽”、“渐”二字运用之妙，在于它们不但传达出夕阳西下与素月东升给人实际的感觉（一快一慢）；而且，“夏日”可畏而“忽”落，明月可爱而“渐”起，只表现出一种心理的快感。“池”字表明“南亭”傍水，亦非虚设。
近水亭台，不仅“先得月”，而且是先退凉的。诗人沐浴之后，洞开亭户，“散发”不梳，靠窗而卧，使人想起陶潜的一段名言：“五六月中北窗下卧，遇凉风暂至，自谓是羲皇上人。”（《与子俨等疏》）三四句不但写出一种闲情，同时也写出一种适意——来自身心两方面的快感。
进而，诗人从嗅觉、听觉两方面继续写这种快感：“荷风送香气，竹露滴清响。”荷花的香气清淡细微，所以“风送”时闻；竹露滴在池面其声清脆，所以是“清响”。滴水可闻，细香可嗅，使人感到此外更无声息。诗句表达的境界宜乎“一时叹为清绝”（沈德潜《唐诗别裁》）。写荷以“气”，写竹以“响”，而不及视觉形象，恰是夏夜给人的真切感受。
“竹露滴清响”，那样悦耳清心。这天籁似对诗人有所触动，使他想到音乐，“欲取鸣琴弹”了。琴，这古雅平和的乐器，只宜在恬淡闲适的心境中弹奏。据说古人弹琴，先得沐浴焚香，屏去杂念。而南亭纳凉的诗人此刻，已自然进入这种心境，正宜操琴。“欲取”而未取，舒适而不拟动弹，但想想也自有一番乐趣。不料却由“鸣琴”之想牵惹起一层淡淡的怅惘。象平静的井水起了一阵微澜。相传楚人钟子期通晓音律。伯牙鼓琴，志在高山，子期品道：“峨峨兮若泰山”；志在流水，子期品道：“洋洋兮若流水。”子期死而伯牙绝弦，不复演奏。（见《吕氏春秋·本味》）这就是“知音”的出典。由境界的清幽绝俗而想到弹琴，由弹琴想到“知音”，而生出“恨无知音赏”的缺憾，这就自然而然地由水亭纳凉过渡到怀人上来。
此时，诗人是多么希望有朋友在身边，闲话清谈，共度良宵。可人期不来，自然会生出惆怅。“怀故人”的情绪一直带到睡下以后，进入梦乡，居然会见了亲爱的朋友。诗以有情的梦境结束，极有余味。
孟浩然善于捕捉生活中的诗意感受。此诗不过写一种闲适自得的情趣，兼带点无知音的感慨，并无十分厚重的思想内容；然而写各种感觉细腻入微，诗味盎然。文字如行云流水，层递自然，由境及意而达于浑然一体，极富于韵味。诗的写法上又吸收了近体的音律、形式的长处，中六句似对非对，具有素朴的形式美；而诵读起来谐于唇吻，又“有金石宫商之声”（严羽《沧浪诗话》）。
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上一首：
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崔颢《
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长干行·君家何处住》
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刘禹锡《
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乌衣巷》
孟浩然简介
唐代·孟浩然的简介
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孟浩然（689-740），男，汉族，唐代诗人。本名不详（一说名浩），字浩然，襄州襄阳（今湖北襄阳）人，世称“孟襄阳”。浩然，少好节义，喜济人患难，工于诗。年四十游京师，唐玄宗诏咏其诗，至“不才明主弃”之语，玄宗谓：“卿自不求仕，朕未尝弃卿，奈何诬我？”因放还未仕，后隐居鹿门山，著诗二百余首。孟浩然与另一位山水田园诗人王维合称为“王孟”。
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蚀字真如蠹，牵衣故作鹑。未须嗟濩落，晚贵最平津。
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赋得石琴送陈健夫往零陵
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清代：
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屈大均
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端州白石天下稀，声含宫商人不知。斲瑶琴长四尺，轻如一片番流离。
石音最是难调者，碧玉老人能大雅。繇来太古本无弦，不是希声知者寡。